“Everything You Wanted to Know about SR-IOV in Hyper-V” by John Howard

Very good articles on SRIOV by John Howard.

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Part 1: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/12/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-1.aspx

Part 1 discusses emulated versus software devices, the pros and cons and constraints of each and why Microsoft is investing in SR-IOV.

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Part 2: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/13/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-2.aspx

Part 2 discusses the SR-IOV standard, physical functions (PFs) virtual functions (VFs) and the hardware requirements to make SR-IOV even possible.

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Part 3: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/14/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-3.aspx

Part 3 discusses device drivers and how they function in an SR-IOV environment as well as screenshots of an SR-IOV NIC within a Hyper-V VM.

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Part 4: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/15/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-4.aspx

Part 4 discusses some of the low level necessary firmware and motherboard changes to make SR-IOV function and provides a pointer to an interesting presentation given 4 years ago at WinHEC 2008 by Jake Oshins that provides further insight into SR-IOV.

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Part 5: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/16/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-5.aspx

Part 5 explains the IO path with SR-IOV enabled, covers SR-IOV configuration via the UI and a deeper dive into PowerShell.

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Part 6: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/19/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-6.aspx

Part 6 discusses SR-IOV and Live Migration in detail. It covers the engineering challenge of making SR-IOV work with Live Migration (not trivial folks) and even includes a video that demonstrates a virtual machine with an SR-IOV NIC under load being Live Migrated. There’s even a link to a WinHEC 2006 presentation (told you we’ve been looking at this technology a while…)

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Part 7: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/20/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-7.aspx

Part 7 discusses SR-IOV and how it works with the new inbox Windows Server 2012 NIC Teaming. Yes folks, you can team SR-IOV NICs in the guest.

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Part 8: http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2012/03/21/everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-sr-iov-in-hyper-v-part-8.aspx

Part 8 discusses debugging SR-IOV and includes examples in PowerShell and covers troubleshooting through the Event Viewer.

Want to crash the system manually?

You have seen BSOD on windows system many times. But may wonder how to crash it manually. Here is the tool that can help you do it.

http://download.sysinternals.com/files/NotMyFault.zip
Note: This is not my application. It is owned by sysinternals.com

Interview Questions 2

How to find the middle node from a link list?

middle = last = head;

while( last!=NULL && last->next != NULL )
{
middle = middle->next;
last = last->next->next;
}

// here middle element is in the middle of list


How to count the number of on bits in the number?

count=0;
while( n>0 )
{
if( n & 1 )
{
count++;
}
n = n>>1;
}


How can you delete a node from a singly link list?
you are provided with only the pointer to node.

Save next node.
Copy all the data from the next node to the current node.
copy the next pointer from next node to the current node.
then delete the next node.

temp = node->next;
node->data = node->next->data;
node->next = node->next->next;
delte temp;

This would not work if the provided node is last element.

Windows Server core 2008 R2 Commands

Hostname, domain membership:

Rename computer	netdom renamecomputer %computername% /newname:MyNewHostname
Join machine to domain	netdom join %computername% /domain:corp.mycompany.com/userd:CORP\jsmith /passwordd:*
Rename computer while joined to domain	netdom renamecomputer %computername% /newname:MyNewHostname/userd:CORP\jsmith /passwordd:*
Remove machine from domain	netdom remove %computername%

Interfaces and addresses:

View the current interface list	netsh interface show interface
Set static IP, mask, gateway	netsh interface ipv4 set address ”Local Area Connection”source=static 10.3.1.11 255.255.255.0 10.3.1.1
Set primary DNS server	netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver ”Local Area Connection”address=10.3.1.21 index=1
Set secondary DNS server	netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver ”Local Area Connection”address=10.3.1.22 index=2
Remove DNS server from interface	netsh interface ipv4 delete dnsservers ”Local Area Connection”10.3.1.21 (or all)
Set interface to DHCP	netsh interface ipv4 set address ”Local Area Connection”source=dhcp
Disable interface	netsh interface set interface “Local Area Connection” disabled (orenabled to re-enable)

Drivers and services:

Query active drivers	sc query type= driver
Install a driver	pnputil -i -a oemdriver.inf
List running services	sc query
Start / stop a service	sc start (service name) sc stop (service name)
Disable a service	sc config (service name) start= disabled

Windows Firewall, remote management:

Allow server to be managed by Remote Desktop	cscript C:\Windows\System32\SCregEdit.wsf /ar 0
Verify registry entry for above	cscript C:\Windows\System32\SCregEdit.wsf /ar v
Allow Remote Desktop sessions from older RDP clients (lower security setting)	cscript C:\Windows\System32\SCregEdit.wsf /cs 0
Verify registry entry for above	cscript C:\Windows\System32\Scregedit.wsf /cs v
Windows Firewall: allow ICMPv4 echo-request inbound	netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name=”ICMP Allow incoming V4 echo request” protocol=icmpv4:8,any dir=in action=allow
Windows Firewall: allow Remote Desktop	netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group=”Remote Desktop” new enable=yes
Windows Firewall: allow remote management of Windows Firewall	netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group=”Windows Firewall Remote Management” new enable=yes
Windows Firewall: allow remote management of OS via MMC snap-ins	netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group=”Remote Administration” new enable=yes
Enable Windows Remote Shell	WinRM quickconfig

Power management:

List existing Power Schemes	powercfg -l
Turn hibernation off	powercfg -hibernate OFF
Set absentia power scheme (used when no one is logged in)	powercfg -setabsentia 8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c
Set Power Configuration for High Performance	powercfg -setactive 8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c

Other:

Install OS product key	slmgr.vbs -ipk 1234-5678-90ab-cdef-ghij
Activate OS installation	slmgr.vbs -ato
List processes	tasklist
Kill process by process ID	taskkill /PID 3852
Invoke Task Manager	taskmgr
List log names	wevtutil el
Export log to file	wevtutil epl c:\mylog1.txt
Query log for events	wevtutil qe /f:text System
Clear log	wevtutil cl System
Adjust paging file	wmic pagefileset where name=”d:\pagefile.sys” set InitialSize=1024,MaximumSize=2048
Set proxy setting	netsh winhttp set proxymyproxy.corp.mycompany.com:8080
Add domain account to local Administrators group	net localgroup Administrators /add CORP\jsmith
Delete domain account from local Administrators group	net localgroup Administrators /delete CORP\jsmith
Reboot the machine immediately	shutdown /r /f /t 0
Log off current interactive session	logoff

View installed roles: Dism /online /get-features /format:table

Active Directory Certificate Services	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:CertificateServicesUninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:CertificateServices
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:DirectoryServices-ADAM-ServerCore Uninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:DirectoryServices-ADAM-ServerCore
Active Directory Domain Services	dcpromo /unattend:myunattend.txt  Demote: dcpromo
DNS Server	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:DNS-Server-Core-RoleManage: dnscmd Uninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:DNS-Server-Core-Role
DHCP Server	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:DHCPServerCore Manage: netsh sc config dhcpserver start= auto net start dhcpserver Uninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:DHCPServerCore
File Services	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:FRS-infrastructure Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:DFSN-Server Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:DFSN-Server Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ServerForNFS-Base Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ClientForNFS-Base Uninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:(specify role name)
Hyper-V	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Hyper-V
Print Services	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Printing-ServerCore-Role 32-bit support: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Printing-ServerCore-Role-WOW64 Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Printing-LPDPrint-Service (manage by using Print Management console from another machine)

View installed features: Dism /online /get-features /format:table

BranchCache	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:PeerDistDism /online /enable-feature /featurename:PeerDistHashPDism /online /enable-feature /featurename:SMBHashGeneration
IIS Management Service	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:IIS-ManagementServiceEnable remote management:HKLM\Software\Microsoft\WebManagement\Server - changeEnableRemoteManagement to 1; net start wmsvc
Input Method Editor 32-bit support	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ServerCore-EA-IME-WOW64
.NET Framework 2.0	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFx2-ServerCore 32-bit support: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFx2-ServerCore-WOW64
.NET Framework 3.0 and 3.5	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFx3-ServerCore 32-bit support: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFx2-ServerCore-WOW64 32-bit support: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFx3-ServerCore-WOW64
QWAVE	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:QWAVE
Removable Storage	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-RemovableStorageManagementCore
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:SNMP-SC
Subsystem for UNIX-based applications	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:SUACore 32-bit support: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:SUACore-WOW64
Telnet client	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:TelnetClient
Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:WINS-SC
Windows PowerShell	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:MicrosoftWindowsPowerShell32-bit support: Dism /online/enable-feature /featurename:MicrosoftWindowsPowerShell-WOW64
Windows PowerShell Best Practices Analyzer cmdlets	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:BestPractices-PSH-Cmdlets
Windows PowerShell Server Manager cmdlets	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ServerManager-PSH-Cmdlets
Windows Server Backup	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:WindowsServerBackup
Windows Server Backup Windows PowerShell cmdlets	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:WindowsServerBackupCommandlet
Windows Server Migration Tools	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ServerMigration
WoW64	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:ServerCore-WOW64(installed by default)

The following may require additional hardware:

BitLocker Drive Encryption	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:BitLocker Remote administration tool: Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename: BitLocker-RemoteAdminTool
Failover Clustering	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:FailoverCluster-Core (not supported in Standard Edition)
Multipath IO	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:MultipathIo
Network Load Balancing	Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetworkLoadBalancingHeadlessServer

Uninstall: Dism /online /disable-feature /featurename:(specify feature name)